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Disaster Management

Subject: Social Studies

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Overview

Disaster is a sudden, accidental event that causes many deaths and injuries. Common natural disasters include earthquakes, landslide, sea-storms, floods and forest fires. A disaster causes great damage to human life and property. So, the management of disaster is essential to prevent the damage.
Disaster Management

Disaster Management

Disaster Management
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Disaster Management

A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material and economic or environmental losses that exceed the society’s ability to cope using its own resources. Common natural disasters include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods, landslides, wildfires etc. which bring changes in the world.
There are not only natural disasters which create or bring changes in the earth's surface. There are some other artificial human accidents which destroy or bring changes in the earth's surface. Some of them are airplane crash, ship crash, collapse of buildings, tunnels etc. which are all man made things.
Any disasters can interrupt essential services such as healthcare, electricity, water, sewage or garbage removal, transportation, and communication. Hence, precautions and preparations make us better to tackle the untold damage of disasters.

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Management of a Disaster

Disaster management is the efforts and plans made to cover, prevent, prepare, relief and recovery before, during and after a disaster. Disasters are unpredictable and sudden, so it should be handled in a sensitive way. It is linked with the sustainable development, particularly in relation to people, children, and marginalized groups.
Besides natural disasters, there are manmade disasters too which also bring changes in the earth's surface. Disasters such as landslides, erosions, the collapse of a house etc. can be easily handled and controlled if we focus on afforestation. It is one of the best measures to control landslides, flood, erosion, climate change and so on. Awareness program is also another measure to control disasters. By giving priority on cleanliness and hygiene in the case of fatal apparatus such as explosive destructive weapons, cautions should be taken while using them.
In the context of Nepal, cholera and dysentery are common diseases, which are the results of disasters like earthquakes, landslides etc. Nepal is a vulnerable country in the context of the earthquake because massive earthquakes can hit anytime. So, we should follow the safety measures to be safe from these types of disasters.
Following measures should be taken by the victims of natural disasters:

  1. Victims should be calm and wait instead of running.
  2. Victims should cooperate with the relief teams and keep in contact with each other.
  3. Electric appliances and explosive substances should be judicially used.
  4. There should be proper management of pure drinking water and so on.
  5. An emergency kit and necessary goods such as medicines, food stocks, radio etc. should be managed before the disaster.
  6. The government should provide ambulances and vehicles facility to carry victims to hospitals as soon as possible.

Things to remember
  • Disaster arises from both natural and human causes.
  • It is important for any government to manage disasters. It is the key part of government work.
  • Disaster Management aims to reduce the occurrence of disasters and to reduce the impact of those that cannot be prevented.
  • Disaster Management activities include the coordination of the disaster response agencies and disaster management education and training.
  • It includes every relationship which established among the people.
  • There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
  • It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
  • common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
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Questions and Answers

The two kinds of disasters with examples are as follows:

  • Natural Disasters
    Examples: Earthquakes, Volcanic eruptions etc.
  • Manmade/Artificial Disasters
    Examples: Deforestation, Collapse of buildings, bridges etc.

A disaster is a sudden calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a society and causes human, material and environmental losses that exceed the society's ability to cope using its own resources.

Some examples of disasters are earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, landslides, soil erosions etc.
The possible relief measures of these disasters are as follows:

  • An emergency kit and necessary goods such as medicines, food stocks, radio etc should be managed before the disaster.
  • Victims should cooperate with the relief teams and keep in contact.
  • The government should provide ambulances and vehicles facilities to carry victims to the hospital.

 

The two types of disasters are as follows:

  • Earthquake
    Earthquake is a natural disaster. Earthquakes can be violent enough to toss people around and destroy whole cities. It causes a great damage to human life and property. There is no prevention of earthquakes, but the damage caused by an earthquake can be controlled by building earthquake resistant homes and being aware of an earthquake.
  • Landslide
    Landslide is a man-made disaster. It causes the great damage of natural resources and human beings. To control a landslide, we have to promote afforestation. The forest can be made safe from landslide if we apply measures of prevention.

Following measures should be taken to provide relief to the victims of natural disasters:

  • Victims should be calm and wait instead of running.
  • Victims should cooperate with the relief teams and keep in contact.
  • Electric appliances and explosive substance should be judicially used.
  • There should be the management of pure drinking water and so on.
  • An emergency kit and necessary goods such as medicines, food stocks, radio etc should be managed before the disaster.
  • The government should provide ambulances and vehicles facility to carry victims to hospitals as soon as possible.

 

Precaution and preparation should be done to control the damage of a disaster.

Cholera, dysentery etc. are the common diseases especially during the rainy season.

We can control landslide and soil erosion by conducting afforestation programs.

The two measures that can be applied in case of a disaster are as follows :

  • Emergency kit and other necessary goods such as medicines, food stocks, radio etc should be managed before the disaster.
  • Ambulance and vehicles should be made available.

 

A disaster can be defined as a sudden, accidental event that causes many deaths and injuries.

Following are some examples of disasters:

  • Earthquakes
  • Landslides
  • Floods
  • Tsunamis etc.

 

Risk of disaster can be minimized by:

  • afforestation
  • sustainable development
  • preservation of natural resources
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